Development of a liquid argon detector with high light collection efficiency using tetraphenyl butadiene and silicon photomultiplier array

Abstract To increase the light collection efficiency of a liquid Ar (LAr) detector, we optimized evaporation technique tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) on detector surface and tested operability silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), namely, multi-pixel photon counter with through-silicon-via (TSV–MPPC, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.) at LAr temperature. TPB converts scintillations (vacuum ultraviolet light) to visible light, which can be detected using high-sensitivity photosensors. Because depends deposition mass inner constructed well-controlled evaporator ensure reproducibility measured quartz crystal microbalance sensor. After optimizing (30 $\rm \mu g/cm^2$ photosensor window 42 wall), observed yield was 12.8 \pm$ 0.3 p.e./keVee PMTs quantum approximately 30% for TPB-converted light. We also low-temperature tolerance TSV–MPPC, has high detection efficiency, in an environment. The TSV–MPPC converted by exceeding 50%.